ON THE NIGHT of the 1st of September Kutuzov gave the Russian troops the command to fall back across Moscow to the Ryazan road.
9月1日晚上，库图佐夫下令俄军撤退至莫斯科的涅瓦公路。

The first troops moved that night, marching deliberately and in steady order. —
第一批部队在那天晚上行进，有条不紊地进行。 —

But at dawn the retreating troops on reaching the Dorogomilov bridge saw before them, crowding on the other side, and hurrying over the bridge, and blocking the streets and alleys on the same side, and bearing down upon them from behind, immense masses of soldiers. —
但是在黎明时分，撤退的部队在达到多罗戈米洛夫桥时，看到前面挤满了人，匆忙地过桥，堵塞了街道和巷道，从后方蜂拥而来的是庞大的士兵群。 —

And the troops were overtaken by causeless panic and haste. —
部队遭遇了无缘无故的恐慌和匆忙。 —

There was a general rush forward towards the bridge, on to the bridge, to the fords and to the boats. —
人们纷纷向桥上、浅滩和船只奔去。 —

Kutuzov had himself driven by back streets to the other side of Moscow.
库图佐夫本人则驱车通过背街小巷到达了莫斯科的另一边。

At ten o’clock in the morning of the 2nd of September the only troops left in the Dorogomilov suburbs were the regiments of the rear-guard, and the crush was over. —
9月2日上午十点钟，多罗戈米洛夫郊区只剩下后卫团的军队，拥挤的情况已经结束。 —

The army was already on the further side of Moscow, and out of the town altogether.
军队已经跨越莫斯科，完全离开了城市。

At the same time, at ten o’clock in the morning of the 2nd of September, Napoleon was standing in the midst of his troops on Poklonny Hill, gazing at the spectacle that lay before him. —
同时，9月2日上午十点钟，拿破仑站在波克龙尼山上，注视着眼前的景象。 —

From the 26th of August to the 2nd of September, from the day of Borodino to the entrance into Moscow, all that agitating, that memorable week, there had been that extraordinarily beautiful autumn weather, which always comes as a surprise, when though the sun is low in the sky it shines more warmly than in spring, when everything is glistening in the pure, limpid air, so that the eyes are dazzled, while the chest is braced and refreshed inhaling the fragrant autumn air; —
从8月26日到9月2日，从博罗季诺战役到进入莫斯科，整个激动人心、难忘的一周里，出现了异常美丽的秋天天气，总是令人惊叹，虽然太阳低照，但比春天更温暖，一切都在纯净、清澈的空气中闪闪发亮，以至于眼花缭乱，而呼吸着芬芳的秋天空气，胸腔得到了振奋和清新。 —

when the nights even are warm, and when in these dark, warm nights golden stars are continually falling from the sky, to the delight or terror of all who watch them.
这些天即使夜晚也很温暖，在这些黑暗而温暖的夜晚，黄金般的星星不断从天空中落下，令所有观看的人欣喜或恐惧。

At ten o’clock on the 2nd of September the morning light was full of the beauty of fairyland. —
9月2日上午十点钟，晨光充满了童话般的美丽。 —

From Poklonny Hill Moscow lay stretching wide below with her river, her gardens, and her churches, and seemed to be living a life of her own, her cupolas twinkling like stars in the sunlight.
从莫斯科的波克隆尼山上可以鸟瞰整个市区，她的河流、花园和教堂，仿佛拥有自己的生命，她的圆顶在阳光下闪烁如星星。

At the sight of the strange town, with its new forms of unfamiliar architecture, Napoleon felt something of that envious and uneasy curiosity that men feel at the sight of the aspects of a strange life, knowing nothing of them. —
看到这座陌生的城镇，带着它那些新的、陌生的建筑形式，拿破仑感到了一种羡慕和不安的好奇心，这是人们在看到陌生生活的方方面面时所感受到的，对这些一无所知。 —

It was clear that that town was teeming with vigorous life. —
很明显那个城镇充满了充满活力的生活。 —

By those indefinable tokens by which one can infallibly tell from a distance a live body from a dead one, Napoleon could detect from Poklonny Hill the throb of life in the town, and could feel, as it were, the breathing of that beautiful, great being. —
通过那些无法定义的标记，那些可以无论从多远的距离判断一个人是活着还是死了的标记，拿破仑可以从Poklonny山上感受到城镇中的生命脉动，仿佛感受到了这个美丽而伟大的存在的呼吸。 —

Every Russian gazing at Moscow feels she is the mother; —
每个看着莫斯科的俄罗斯人都觉得她是母亲; —

every foreigner gazing at her, and ignorant of her significance as the mother city, must be aware of the feminine character of the town, and Napoleon felt it.
每个看着她的外国人，对她作为母城的意义一无所知，都必须意识到这个城市的女性特征，拿破仑也感受到了。

“This Asiatic city with the innumerable churches, Moscow the holy. —
“此处亚洲风情的城市，莫斯科圣城。 —

Here it is at last, the famous city! It was high time,” said Napoleon; —
终于到了，这个著名的城市！该到时候了，”拿破仑说; —

and dismounting from his horse he bade them open the plan of Moscow before him, and sent for his interpreter, Lelorme d’Ideville.
他下马后要他们在他面前展开莫斯科的规划，并派人叫他的口译员勒洛尔姆·迪迪维勒。

“A city occupied by the enemy is like a girl who has lost her honour,” he thought (it was the phrase he had uttered to Tutchkov at Smolensk). —
“被敌人占领的城市就像失去了荣耀的女子，”他想（这是他在斯摩棱斯克对图奇科夫说过的话）。 —

And from that point of view he gazed at the Oriental beauty who lay for the first time before his eyes. —
从那个角度，他凝视着这个东方的美，这是他第一次亲眼看到它。 —

He felt it strange himself that the desire so long cherished, and thought so impossible, had at last come to pass. —
他自己觉得这个渴望如此长久地保持，被认为是不可能的的渴望，终于实现了，这让他感到奇怪。 —

In the clear morning light he gazed at the town, and then at the plan, looking up its details, and the certainty of possessing it agitated and awed him.
在明亮的早晨，他凝视着这个城市，然后再看规划，查看细节，拥有它的确定性使他激动和敬畏。

“But how could it be otherwise?” he thought. —
“但是难道还能有其他方式吗？”他想。 —

“Here is this capital, she lies at my feet awaiting her fate. —
“这里是这个首都，她任凭我摆布在脚下等待她的命运。 —

Where is Alexander now, and what is he thinking? A strange, beautiful, and grand city! —
现在亚历山大在哪里，他在想些什么？一个奇怪、美丽和伟大的城市！ —

And a strange and grand moment is this! In what light must I appear to them? —
这是一个奇怪且伟大的时刻！对他们而言，我会是什么样子呢？ —

” he mused, thinking of his soldiers. “Here is the city—the reward for all those of little faith,” he thought, looking round at his suite and the approaching troops, forming into ranks.
“他沉思着，想着他的士兵。‘这就是城市—对于那些信仰不够的人的奖赏，’他想着，环顾着他的随从和正在接近的部队，组成队伍。”

“One word of mine, one wave of my arm, and the ancient capital of the Tsar is no more. —
“我一句话，一挥手，沙皇的古都就不存在了。” —

But my clemency is ever prompt to stoop to the vanquished. I must be magnanimous and truly great. —
“但我宽容的态度总是会向被征服者低头。我必须高尚而具有真正的伟大。” —

But no, it is not true that I am in Moscow,” the idea suddenly struck him. —
“但不，我不在莫斯科，”这个想法突然袭击了他。 —

“She lies at my feet, though, her golden domes and crosses flashing and twinkling in the sun. —
“她躺在我的脚下，她的金色圆顶和十字架在阳光下闪烁。” —

But I will spare her. On the ancient monuments of barbarism and despotism I will inscribe the great words of justice and mercy … Alexander will feel that more bitterly than anything; —
“但我会饶恕她。在野蛮和专制的古迹上，我将镌刻正义和仁慈的伟大言辞…亚历山大将比任何事情都更加痛苦地感受到这一点； —

I know him.” (It seemed to Napoleon that the chief import of what had happened lay in his personal contest with Alexander. —
我了解他。”（拿破仑觉得发生的事情的主要意义在于他与亚历山大的个人斗争。 —

) “From the heights of the Kremlin—yes, that’s the Kremlin, yes—I will dictate to them the laws of justice, I will teach them the meaning of true civilisation, I will make the generations of boyards to enshrine their conqueror’s name in love. —
“从克里姆林宫的高处—是的，那就是克里姆林宫，是的—我将向他们发号施令，告诉他们正义的法律，教给他们真正文明的含义，让博雅德的后代将他们的征服者名字铭刻在爱中。 —

I will tell the deputation that I have not sought, and do not seek, war; —
“我会告诉代表团我从未寻求过战争，也没有寻求过战争； —

but I have been waging war only with the deceitful policy of their court; —
我仅仅与他们的欺诈政策进行战斗； —

that I love and respect Alexander, and that in Moscow I will accept terms of peace worthy of myself and my peoples. —
“我爱戴和尊敬亚历山大，并且在莫斯科，我将接受与我自己和我的人民相称的和平条件。 —

I have no wish to take advantage of the fortune of war to humiliate their honoured Emperor. —
“我不想借战争的机会羞辱他们尊敬的皇帝。 —

‘Boyards,’ I will say to them, ‘I do not seek war; —
“‘博雅德，’我会对他们说，‘我不寻求战争； —

I seek the peace and welfare of all my subjects.’ —
我追求和平和我所有臣民的福祉。’ —

But I know their presence will inspire me, and I shall speak to them as I always do, clearly, impressively, and greatly. —
“但我知道他们的到来会激励我，并且我会像我一直那样清晰、有影响力和非凡地与他们交谈。” —

But can it be true that I am in Moscow! Yes, there she is!”
但是，我真的在莫斯科吗！是的，她在那里！

“Let the boyards be brought to me,” he said, addressing his suite. —
“让伯爵们给我带来，”他对他的随从说道。 —

A general, with a brilliant suite of adjutants, galloped off at once to fetch the boyards.
一个将帅，带着一群亮丽的副官，飞驰而去，立刻去找伯爵们。

Two hours passed. Napoleon had lunched, and was again standing on the same spot on the Poklonny Hill, waiting for the deputation. —
两个小时过去了。拿破仑吃过午饭，又站在普科隆尼山上的同一地点，等待代表团的到来。 —

His speech to the boyards had by now taken definite shape in his mind. —
他对伯爵们的演讲，现在在他的脑海里已经具体形成。 —

The speech was full of dignity and of greatness, as Napoleon understood it. —
这篇演讲充满了尊严和伟大，正如拿破仑所理解的那样。 —

Napoleon was himself carried away by the magnanimity with which he intended to act in Moscow. —
拿破仑本人被他打算在莫斯科采取的慷慨心胸所感动。 —

In imagination he had already fixed the days for a “réunion dans le palais des Czars,” at which the great Russian nobles were to mingle with the courtiers of the French Emperor. —
在想象中，他已经确定了在“沙皇宫殿里的聚会”上的日期，在那里俄国的大贵族将与法国皇帝的朝臣们交往。 —

In thought he had appointed a governor capable of winning the hearts of the people. —
在思想中，他已经任命了一个能够赢得人民心的省长。 —

Having heard that Moscow was full of religious institutions, he had mentally decided that his bounty was to be showered on these institutions. —
听说莫斯科充满了宗教机构，他心里已经决定要对这些机构慷慨解囊。 —

He imagined that as in Africa he had had to sit in a mosque wearing a burnous, in Moscow he must be gracious and bountiful as the Tsars. And being, like every Frenchman, unable to imagine anything moving without a reference to sa chère, sa tendre, sa pauvre mère, he decided finally to touch the Russian heart, that he would have inscribed on all these charitable foundations in large letters, “Dedicated to my beloved mother,” or simply, “Maison de ma mère,” he decided. —
他想象着，就像在非洲，他不得不穿着长袍坐在清真寺里一样，在莫斯科他必须像沙皇一样亲切慈祥。而且作为一个法国人，无法想象任何事情不带着对他的母亲的情感参照，他最终决定要触动俄国人的心，他将在所有这些慈善机构上以大号字母刻上，“献给我挚爱的母亲”，或者简单地说，“我的母亲之家”，他决定着。 —

“But am I really in Moscow? Yes, there she lies before me; —
“但是我真的在莫斯科吗？是的，她就在我眼前； —

but why is the deputation from the city so long in coming?” he wondered.
但是为什么市内的代表团迟迟没有到来？”他思索着。

Meanwhile a whispered and agitated consultation was being held among his generals and marshals in the rear of the suite. —
与此同时，他的将军和元帅们在随从队伍后方进行了一次低声而紧张的商讨。 —

The adjutants sent to bring the deputation had come back with the news that Moscow was empty, that every one had left or was leaving the city. —
前去接待代表团的副官们带来了消息，莫斯科空无一人，每个人都离开或正在离开这座城市。 —

The faces of all the suite were pale and perturbed. —
所有套房的面孔都苍白而烦扰。 —

It was not that Moscow had been abandoned by its inhabitants (grave as that fact appeared) that alarmed them. —
并不是莫斯科被居民们舍弃了（尽管那个事实看起来很严重），而是这个事实使他们感到惊恐。 —

They were in alarm at the idea of making the fact known to the Emperor; —
他们对将这个事实告诉皇帝感到恐慌； —

they could not see how, without putting his majesty into the terrible position, called by the French ridicule, to inform him that he had been waiting so long for the boyards in vain, that there was a drunken mob, but no one else in Moscow. —
他们不知道如何在不让陛下陷入法国人嘲笑所称的可怕境地的情况下，告诉他自己等了这么久的伯爵都不见影踪，莫斯科只剩下一群醉汉。 —

Some of the suite maintained that come what may, they must anyway scrape up a deputation of some sort; —
套房中的一些人坚持认为，无论如何，他们必须组织一个代表团； —

others opposed this view, and asserted that the Emperor must be carefully and skilfully prepared, and then told the truth.
其他人则反对这一观点，并坚称皇帝必须小心准备好，然后告诉他实情。

“We shall have to tell him all the same,” said some gentleman of the suite. —
“我们无论如何还是要告诉他的，”套房中的一些绅士说道。 —

… “But, gentlemen …”
…“但是，先生们…”

The position was the more difficult as the Emperor, pondering on his magnanimous plans, was walking patiently up and down before the map of the city, shading his eyes to look from time to time along the road to Moscow, with a proud and happy smile.
处境愈发棘手起来，皇帝对他宏伟计划的思考使他忍耐地在城市地图前来回踱步，时不时地遮住眼睛朝莫斯科的道路望去，带着骄傲和幸福的微笑。

“But it’s awkward …” the gentlemen-in-waiting kept repeating, shrugging their shoulders and unable to bring themselves to settle the terrible word in their minds: —
“但是这很尴尬…”侍从们一直重复，耸耸肩，无法使自己接受心中这个可怕的词语： —

“le ridicule.…”
“可笑…”

Meanwhile the Emperor, weary of waiting in vain, and with his actor’s instinct feeling that the great moment, being too long deferred, was beginning to lose its grandeur, made a sign with his hand. —
与此同时，皇帝对于徒劳地等待感到疲倦，凭借他演员的本能感觉到伟大的时刻，由于拖延太久，开始失去它的壮丽，他用手示意。 —

A solitary cannon shot gave the signal, and the invading army marched into Moscow—at the Tver, the Kaluga, and the Dorogomilov gates. —
一声孤零零的炮声发出信号，入侵军队进入莫斯科——从特维尔门、卡卢加门和多罗戈米洛夫门。 —

More and more rapidly, vying with one another, at a quick run and a trot, the troops marched in, concealed in the clouds of dust they raised, and making the air ring with their deafening shouts.
团队越来越快地争相进军，快步跑和小跑着，隐藏在他们卷起的尘土里，他们震耳欲聋的呼喊声响彻云霄。

Tempted on by the advance of the army, Napoleon too rode as far as the Dorogomilov gate, but there he halted again, and dismounting walked about the Kamerkolezhsky wall for a long time, waiting for the deputation.
法国军队的前进引诱着拿破仑，他也骑着马一直骑到多罗戈米洛夫门，但是在那里他再次停下来，下马漫步在卡梅尔科列日城墙附近很长时间，等待代表团。