There are houses in certain provincial towns whose aspect inspires melancholy, akin to that called forth by sombre cloisters, dreary moorlands, or the desolation of ruins. —
在某些省级小镇上有些房屋，其外观引起了一种忧郁情绪，有点类似于沉郁的修道院、荒凉的荒野或废墟所引起的感觉。 —

Within these houses there is, perhaps, the silence of the cloister, the barrenness of moors, the skeleton of ruins; —
在这些房屋内部，也许有修道院般的寂静，荒野般的贫瘠，废墟的残骸； —

life and movement are so stagnant there that a stranger might think them uninhabited, were it not that he encounters suddenly the pale, cold glance of a motionless person, whose half-monastic face peers beyond the window-casing at the sound of an unaccustomed step.
生活与活动在那里是如此停滞，一个陌生人可能会觉得它们是无人居住的，除非他突然遇到那个静止不动的人的苍白、冷漠的眼神，他半僧般的脸在不习惯的脚步声响起时从窗框后面窥视。

Such elements of sadness formed the physiognomy, as it were, of a dwelling-house in Saumur which stands at the end of the steep street leading to the chateau in the upper part of the town. —
这些悲伤的元素构成了索米尔的一座住宅的面貌，它坐落在通往城堡上城部分的陡峭街道的尽头。 —

This street—now little frequented, hot in summer, cold in winter, dark in certain sections—is remarkable for the resonance of its little pebbly pavement, always clean and dry, for the narrowness of its tortuous road-way, for the peaceful stillness of its houses, which belong to the Old town and are over-topped by the ramparts. —
这条街道现在很少被人走动，夏天很热，冬天很冷，一些部分昏暗—它以其小石路面的共鸣而著称，总是干净而干燥，以其迂回曲折的道路窄度而著称，以其属于老城的安宁寂静而著称，这些建筑被上边的城垣所掩盖。 —

Houses three centuries old are still solid, though built of wood, and their divers aspects add to the originality which commends this portion of Saumur to the attention of artists and antiquaries.
三个世纪前建造的房屋仍然坚固，虽然是用木头建造的，它们各异的外观增添了这部分索米尔的独特之处，引人艺术家和古迹学家的注意。

It is difficult to pass these houses without admiring the enormous oaken beams, their ends carved into fantastic figures, which crown with a black bas-relief the lower floor of most of them. —
很难经过这些建筑而不欣赏这些巨大的橡木横梁，它们的尽头雕成了怪异的图案，装饰着大多数建筑的下层，形成黑色的浮雕。 —

In one place these transverse timbers are covered with slate and mark a bluish line along the frail wall of a dwelling covered by a roof en colombage which bends beneath the weight of years, and whose rotting shingles are twisted by the alternate action of sun and rain. —
在某个地方，这些横梁被石板覆盖，并在一座屋顶下方垂直为黛色线，该屋顶属于含有岁月痕迹的en colombage式建筑，被太阳和雨水交替作用而扭曲破损。 —

In another place blackened, worn-out window-sills, with delicate sculptures now scarcely discernible, seem too weak to bear the brown clay pots from which springs the heart’s-ease or the rose-bush of some poor working-woman. —
在另一处，变黑、破败的窗沿带有现在几乎看不到的精细雕刻，似乎太薄弱，无法承受那些从其上发芽的风信子或一些贫穷的工作妇女的玫瑰丛的褐色陶罐。 —

Farther on are doors studded with enormous nails, where the genius of our forefathers has traced domestic hieroglyphics, of which the meaning is now lost forever. —
更远处有或大或小的钉子镶嵌的门，我们的祖先的天才在这些门上刻出了家庭象形文字，其中的意义如今永远失落了。 —

Here a Protestant attested his belief; there a Leaguer cursed Henry IV.; —
这里一个新教徒表明了他的信仰；那里一个联盟党人诅咒了亨利四世； —

elsewhere some bourgeois has carved the insignia of his noblesse de cloches, symbols of his long-forgotten magisterial glory. —
在其他地方，一些市民刻画了他的镇钟贵族身份的象征，这些象征代表着他们长被遗忘的权势荣耀。 —

The whole history of France is there.
法国的整个历史就在这里。

Next to a tottering house with roughly plastered walls, where an artisan enshrines his tools, rises the mansion of a country gentleman, on the stone arch of which above the door vestiges of armorial bearings may still be seen, battered by the many revolutions that have shaken France since 1789. —
一个简陋的、粗糙墙壁的摇摇欲坠的房子旁，一个工匠放置着他的工具，一个乡绅的府邸耸立在面前，门上方的石拱门上仍能看到盾牌的遗迹，它们被自1789年以来摧毁的许多革命所摧残。 —

In this hilly street the ground-floors of the merchants are neither shops nor warehouses; —
在这条多坡的街道上，商人们的底楼既不是商店也不是仓库； —

lovers of the Middle Ages will here find the ouvrouere of our forefathers in all its naive simplicity. —
热爱中世纪的人们在这里会发现我们祖先的作品以其天真朴素的风格。 —

These low rooms, which have no shop-frontage, no show-windows, in fact no glass at all, are deep and dark and without interior or exterior decoration. —
这些低矮的房间没有店面，没有展示窗口，事实上根本没有玻璃，深邃而幽暗，内外没有装饰。 —

Their doors open in two parts, each roughly iron-bound; —
他们的门分两层打开，每层都粗糙地镶铁； —

the upper half is fastened back within the room, the lower half, fitted with a spring-bell, swings continually to and fro. —
上半部分被固定在房内，下半部分装有弹簧铃，不断来回摆动。 —

Air and light reach the damp den within, either through the upper half of the door, or through an open space between the ceiling and a low front wall, breast-high, which is closed by solid shutters that are taken down every morning, put up every evening, and held in place by heavy iron bars.
空气和光线可以透过门上的上半部分或天花板和低于胸腹高度的前墙之间的敞开空间进入这潮湿的地穴，前墙上有实心百叶窗每日放下、每夜装上，用沉重的铁栏固定。

This wall serves as a counter for the merchandise. No delusive display is there; —
这堵墙用作商品的柜台。这里没有虚假的陈列展示； —

only samples of the business, whatever it may chance to be,—such, for instance, as three or four tubs full of codfish and salt, a few bundles of sail-cloth, cordage, copper wire hanging from the joists above, iron hoops for casks ranged along the wall, or a few pieces of cloth upon the shelves. —
只有生意的样品，无论是几个充满鳕鱼和盐的水桶，几捆帆布、绳索，或者从头梁上悬挂的铜线，沿墙排列的木桶铁箍，或者几块布料放在架子上。 —

Enter. A neat girl, glowing with youth, wearing a white kerchief, her arms red and bare, drops her knitting and calls her father or her mother, one of whom comes forward and sells you what you want, phlegmatically, civilly, or arrogantly, according to his or her individual character, whether it be a matter of two sous’ or twenty thousand francs’ worth of merchandise. —
进来吧。一个年轻、蓬勃的姑娘，头戴白色头巾，红润的光膀子，放下手中的针织品，唤来她的父亲或母亲，其中一人走过来为你出售你想要的东西，淡然、有礼，亦或傲慢，全看他们的性格，无论是两便还是二万法郎的商品。 —

You may see a cooper, for instance, sitting in his doorway and twirling his thumbs as he talks with a neighbor. —
你可能会看到一个桶匠坐在门口无事地打转拇指，与邻居闲聊。 —

To all appearance he owns nothing more than a few miserable boat-ribs and two or three bundles of laths; —
表面上看，他可能只拥有几个破船肋和两三捆木条； —

but below in the port his teeming wood-yard supplies all the cooperage trade of Anjou. He knows to a plank how many casks are needed if the vintage is good. —
但在港口下面，他繁忙的木材场提供了安茹所有的桶厂业务。如果葡萄收成好，他知道需要多少桶。 —

A hot season makes him rich, a rainy season ruins him; —
酷热的季节让他发家致富，多雨的季节毁了他； —

in a single morning puncheons worth eleven francs have been known to drop to six. —
一早间，11法郎的大桶价值可能跌至6法郎。 —

In this country, as in Touraine, atmospheric vicissitudes control commercial life. —
在这个国家，就像在图伦一样，大气变化左右商业生活。 —

Wine-growers, proprietors, wood-merchants, coopers, inn-keepers, mariners, all keep watch of the sun. —
葡萄种植者，地主，木材商，桶匠，旅馆老板，船员，所有人都盯着太阳。 —

They tremble when they go to bed lest they should hear in the morning of a frost in the night; —
当他们入睡时，他们会不安地颤抖，担心早晨听到夜间霜冻的消息； —

they dread rain, wind, drought, and want water, heat, and clouds to suit their fancy. —
他们害怕雨水、风、干旱，渴望水源、热量和云朵来迎合他们的心情。 —

A perpetual duel goes on between the heavens and their terrestrial interests. —
天空和他们的地面利益之间展开了一场永恒的决斗。 —

The barometer smooths, saddens, or makes merry their countenances, turn and turn about. —
气压计时而顺滑，时而暗淡，时而欢快地改变着他们的神情。 —

From end to end of this street, formerly the Grand’Rue de Saumur, the words: —
在这条曾经是索米尔大街的街道两端传递着“这里天气宜人”的话语。 —

“Here’s golden weather,” are passed from door to door; or each man calls to his neighbor: —
“这里金色阳光普照”这样的话语在邻居之间口口相传。 —

“It rains louis,” knowing well what a sunbeam or the opportune rainfall is bringing him.
“现在下起了路易斯雨”，每个人都清楚一缕阳光或适时的降雨对他们意味着什么。

On Saturdays after midday, in the fine season, not one sou’s worth of merchandise can be bought from these worthy traders. —
在细雨中的周六下午，细雨的季节，这些尊贵的商人们完全没有任何商品可出售。 —

Each has his vineyard, his enclosure of fields, and all spend two days in the country. —
每个人都有自己的葡萄园、田地，所有人都会在乡间度过两天时间。 —

This being foreseen, and purchases, sales, and profits provided for, the merchants have ten or twelve hours to spend in parties of pleasure, in making observations, in criticisms, and in continual spying. —
这些都是提前预料到的，购买、销售和利润都已准备妥当，商人们有十二个小时可以在快乐的聚会中度过，进行观察，批评，以及不断的窥探。 —

A housewife cannot buy a partridge without the neighbors asking the husband if it were cooked to a turn. —
一个家庭主妇买一只鹧鸪时，邻居会问丈夫是否烧得恰到好处。 —

A young girl never puts her head near a window that she is not seen by idling groups in the street. —
一位年轻女孩只要在窗前出现，就会被街上无所事事的人群看到。 —

Consciences are held in the light; and the houses, dark, silent, impenetrable as they seem, hide no mysteries. —
良心是公开的；屋子里，黑暗，寂静，似乎无法穿透，却并不隐藏什么奥秘。 —

Life is almost wholly in the open air; every household sits at its own threshold, breakfasts, dines, and quarrels there. —
生活几乎完全在户外进行；每个家庭都坐在自己的门槛上，那里吃早餐，吃午饭，争吵。 —

No one can pass along the street without being examined; —
没人能经过这条街而不会受到审查； —

in fact formerly, when a stranger entered a provincial town he was bantered and made game of from door to door. —
事实上，从前，当一个陌生人进入一个省城时，他会从家门口被取笑、被嘲笑。 —

From this came many good stories, and the nickname copieux, which was applied to the inhabitants of Angers, who excelled in such urban sarcasms.
由此产生了许多好笑的故事，还有“copieux”这个绰号，这个绰号是用在Angers的居民身上，他们擅长做这样的城市讽刺。

The ancient mansions of the old town of Saumur are at the top of this hilly street, and were formerly occupied by the nobility of the neighborhood. —
古老城市索穆尔的古老住宅坐落在这条山坡上，过去曾经是当地贵族的住所。 —

The melancholy dwelling where the events of the following history took place is one of these mansions,—venerable relics of a century in which men and things bore the characteristics of simplicity which French manners and customs are losing day by day. —
我们接下来要说的这个故事中发生的事件的那所令人感到忧伤的房子，就是这些建筑中的一座—法国人的风俗和习惯每天都在失去简单性的特征的世纪的受人尊敬的遗物。 —

Follow the windings of the picturesque thoroughfare, whose irregularities awaken recollections that plunge the mind mechanically into reverie, and you will see a somewhat dark recess, in the centre of which is hidden the door of the house of Monsieur Grandet. —
沿着这个风景如画的街道的蜿蜒曲折，它的不规则性唤醒了令人沉浸在机械反思中的回忆，你会看到一个略显幽暗的角落，在中间隐藏着格朗代先生的房子的门。 —

It is impossible to understand the force of this provincial expression—the house of Monsieur Grandet—without giving the biography of Monsieur Grandet himself.
如果没有给格朗代先生本人的传记，就无法理解这个省城表达—格朗代先生的房子—的含义。

Monsieur Grandet enjoyed a reputation in Saumur whose causes and effects can never be fully understood by those who have not, at one time or another, lived in the provinces. —
格朗代先生在索穆尔享有声誉，这种声誉的起因和成果，将永远不能被那些从未在省城生活过的人完全理解。 —

In 1789 Monsieur Grandet—still called by certain persons le Pere Grandet, though the number of such old persons has perceptibly diminished—was a master-cooper, able to read, write, and cipher. —
1789年，格朗代先生——虽然被某些人仍然称为勒佩尔·格朗代，但这类老人的数量已明显减少——是一名能够阅读、写作和算账的木桶大师。 —

At the period when the French Republic offered for sale the church property in the arrondissement of Saumur, the cooper, then forty years of age, had just married the daughter of a rich wood-merchant. —
在法国共和国出售索米尔区教会财产时，那时四十岁的木桶匠刚刚娶了一位富有木材商的女儿。 —

Supplied with the ready money of his own fortune and his wife’s dot, in all about two thousand louis-d’or, Grandet went to the newly established “district,” where, with the help of two hundred double louis given by his father-in-law to the surly republican who presided over the sales of the national domain, he obtained for a song, legally if not legitimately, one of the finest vineyards in the arrondissement, an old abbey, and several farms. —
凭借自己的财富和妻子的嫁妆所得的现金，总共约两千枚路易（金币），格朗代前往新成立的“区”，在妻子的富裕父亲赠给那位脾气坏坏的共和国官员二百枚双路易的帮助下，合法地（虽然不完全合理地）用极其低价获得了索米尔区最好的葡萄园之一，一座古老的修道院和几座农场。 —

The inhabitants of Saumur were so little revolutionary that they thought Pere Grandet a bold man, a republican, and a patriot with a mind open to all the new ideas; —
索米尔的居民对革命毫无热情，他们认为格朗代勇敢、是个共和主义者、一个爱国者，持开放思想，接受所有新观念； —

though in point of fact it was open only to vineyards. —
其实，他只对葡萄园开放。 —

He was appointed a member of the administration of Saumur, and his pacific influence made itself felt politically and commercially. —
他被任命为索米尔政府的一名官员，并通过政治和商业手段施加影响。 —

Politically, he protected the ci-devant nobles, and prevented, to the extent of his power, the sale of the lands and property of the emigres; —
政治上，他保护了过去的贵族，并尽力阻止移民的土地和财产的出售； —

commercially, he furnished the Republican armies with two or three thousand puncheons of white wine, and took his pay in splendid fields belonging to a community of women whose lands had been reserved for the last lot.
商业上，他为共和国军队提供了两三千桶白葡萄酒，以一处为妇女团体保留的壮丽田地作为报酬。

Under the Consulate Grandet became mayor, governed wisely, and harvested still better pickings. —
拿破仑时期，格朗代成为市长，并以睿智的方式治理，收获更丰厚的利润。 —

Under the Empire he was called Monsieur Grandet. —
帝国时期，他被尊称为格朗代先生。 —

Napoleon, however, did not like republicans, and superseded Monsieur Grandet (who was supposed to have worn the Phrygian cap) by a man of his own surroundings, a future baron of the Empire. —
然而，拿破仑不喜欢单位共和主义者，将格朗代先生（据说曾戴菲吉亚帽）换成了自己周围的一名未来帝国男爵。 —

Monsieur Grandet quitted office without regret. —
格朗代先生毫不留恋地离开了职位。 —

He had constructed in the interests of the town certain fine roads which led to his own property; —
为了城镇的利益，他修建了一些通往自己财产的优良道路； —

his house and lands, very advantageously assessed, paid moderate taxes; —
他的房屋和土地评估优厚，纳税适中； —

and since the registration of his various estates, the vineyards, thanks to his constant care, had become the “head of the country,”—a local term used to denote those that produced the finest quality of wine. —
自从他各自登记了他的各种领地，由于他的持续关注，葡萄园已成为这个地区的“头号产区”——一个用以表示生产最优质葡萄酒的特定地方名词。 —

He might have asked for the cross of the Legion of honor.
他可能已经要求了荣誉军团的十字勋章。

This event occurred in 1806. Monsieur Grandet was then fifty-seven years of age, his wife thirty-six, and an only daughter, the fruit of their legitimate love, was ten years old. —
这件事发生在1806年。格朗代先生当时五十七岁，他的妻子三十六岁，他们唯一的女儿，也就是他们合法爱情的结晶，才十岁。 —

Monsieur Grandet, whom Providence no doubt desired to compensate for the loss of his municipal honors, inherited three fortunes in the course of this year,—that of Madame de la Gaudiniere, born de la Bertelliere, the mother of Madame Grandet; —
根据命运的安排，今年格朗代先生继承了三笔财产——马德姆·戈迪尼埃尔（原名德·拉·贝特列尔）的遗产； —

that of old Monsieur de la Bertelliere, her grandfather; —
她的祖父老贝特列尔先生的遗产； —

and, lastly, that of Madame Gentillet, her grandmother on the mother’s side: —
以及她母亲那边的祖母马德姆·让蒂莱的遗产； —

three inheritances, whose amount was not known to any one. —
这三笔遗产的金额没有人知道。 —

The avarice of the deceased persons was so keen that for a long time they had hoarded their money for the pleasure of secretly looking at it. —
逝者们的贪婪如此之深，以至于他们很长时间以来一直囤积金钱，只是为了暗地里观看它的乐趣。 —

Old Monsieur de la Bertelliere called an investment an extravagance, and thought he got better interest from the sight of his gold than from the profits of usury. —
老贝特列尔先生把投资看作是奢侈，觉得看着他的金子比从高利贷的收益中得到更多乐趣。 —

The inhabitants of Saumur consequently estimated his savings according to “the revenues of the sun’s wealth,” as they said.
因此，索米尔的居民们根据“太阳财富的收入”来评估他的储蓄。

Monsieur Grandet thus obtained that modern title of nobility which our mania for equality can never rub out. —
因此，格朗代先生获得了这个现代贵族称号，是我们对平等的狂热无法抹去的。 —

He became the most imposing personage in the arrondissement. —
他成为了该郊区最令人印象深刻的人物。 —

He worked a hundred acres of vineyard, which in fruitful years yielded seven or eight hundred hogsheads of wine. —
他耕种一百英亩的葡萄园，在丰收的年份可以产出七八百桶酒。 —

He owned thirteen farms, an old abbey, whose windows and arches he had walled up for the sake of economy,—a measure which preserved them,—also a hundred and twenty-seven acres of meadow-land, where three thousand poplars, planted in 1793, grew and flourished; —
他拥有十三个农场，一个老修道院，他为了经济的缘故把修道院的窗户和拱门都砌了起来，从而保存了它们，还有一百二十七英亩的牧场，那里种植的三千棵杨树，是1793年种植的，在那里茁壮成长； —

and finally, the house in which he lived. Such was his visible estate; —
最后，他住的房子。这就是他的显性财产； —

as to his other property, only two persons could give even a vague guess at its value: —
至于他的其他财产，只有两个人能够给出大概的价值： —

one was Monsieur Cruchot, a notary employed in the usurious investments of Monsieur Grandet; —
克鲁乔先生是葛朗台先生进行高利投资的公证人； —

the other was Monsieur des Grassins, the richest banker in Saumur, in whose profits Grandet had a certain covenanted and secret share.
德格拉森先生是索穆尔最富有的银行家，葛朗台在他的利润中有一定的秘密份额；

Although old Cruchot and Monsieur des Grassins were both gifted with the deep discretion which wealth and trust beget in the provinces, they publicly testified so much respect to Monsieur Grandet that observers estimated the amount of his property by the obsequious attention which they bestowed upon him. —
虽然老克鲁乔和德格拉森先生都具有省份中财富和信任所带来的深层审慎，但他们公开对葛朗台表现出如此尊敬，以至于观察者通过他们表现出的谄媚关注来估计他的财产数量； —

In all Saumur there was no one not persuaded that Monsieur Grandet had a private treasure, some hiding-place full of louis, where he nightly took ineffable delight in gazing upon great masses of gold. —
索穆尔没有一个人不相信葛朗台先生有一个私人宝藏，一个隐藏着路易的地方，他每晚在那里无比愉悦地盯着一大堆金币看； —

Avaricious people gathered proof of this when they looked at the eyes of the good man, to which the yellow metal seemed to have conveyed its tints. —
贪婪的人看他那双眼睛就能得到证明，这对好人来说是显而易见的，而他的眼睛似乎也被这种金属带来的颜色所刻画； —

The glance of a man accustomed to draw enormous interest from his capital acquires, like that of the libertine, the gambler, or the sycophant, certain indefinable habits,—furtive, eager, mysterious movements, which never escape the notice of his co-religionists. —
习惯于从资本中获取巨额利息的人的目光，就像放荡、赌徒或谄媅者的一样，会形成一种无法描述的习惯——窃窃私语的、急切的、神秘的动作，任何信仰者对此都不会放过； —

This secret language is in a certain way the freemasonry of the passions. —
这种隐秘的语言在某种程度上是激情的共济会； —

Monsieur Grandet inspired the respectful esteem due to one who owed no man anything, who, skilful cooper and experienced wine-grower that he was, guessed with the precision of an astronomer whether he ought to manufacture a thousand puncheons for his vintage, or only five hundred, who never failed in any speculation, and always had casks for sale when casks were worth more than the commodity that filled them, who could store his whole vintage in his cellars and bide his time to put the puncheons on the market at two hundred francs, when the little proprietors had been forced to sell theirs for five louis. —
葛朗台先生激发了对那些不欠任何人任何东西的尊敬，他是一位精明的桶匠和经验丰富的葡萄种植者，准确地猜测出是否应该为他的葡萄酒酿造一千桶，或只有五百桶； —

His famous vintage of 1811, judiciously stored and slowly disposed of, brought him in more than two hundred and forty thousand francs.
他1811年出产的著名葡萄酒，存放得当且慢慢处置，带来了超过二十四万法郎的收入；

Financially speaking, Monsieur Grandet was something between a tiger and a boa-constrictor. —
在财政角度上，葛朗台先生介于老虎和蟒蛇之间； —

He could crouch and lie low, watch his prey a long while, spring upon it, open his jaws, swallow a mass of louis, and then rest tranquilly like a snake in process of digestion, impassible, methodical, and cold. —
他会蹲伏，耐心等待猎物，突然扑过去，张开口，吞下大量的路易，然后像一条蟒蛇一样安静地休息，冷静、有条不紊； —

No one saw him pass without a feeling of admiration mingled with respect and fear; —
没有人看到他经过时不感到钦佩和尊敬，同时又带着恐惧； —

had not every man in Saumur felt the rending of those polished steel claws? —
索穆尔的每个人都感受到过那些锋利的钢爪的抓扯吗？ —

For this one, Maitre Cruchot had procured the money required for the purchase of a domain, but at eleven per cent. —
克鲁乔先生为他那个人提供了购买领地所需的资金，但利率是百分之十一； —

For that one, Monsieur des Grassins discounted bills of exchange, but at a frightful deduction of interest. —
对于那个人，德格拉森先生兑现汇票，但扣除了可怕的利息。 —

Few days ever passed that Monsieur Grandet’s name was not mentioned either in the markets or in social conversations at the evening gatherings. —
几乎每天都会有人在市场或晚间聚会上谈起Grandet先生的名字。 —

To some the fortune of the old wine-grower was an object of patriotic pride. —
对于一些人来说，这位老酿酒商的财富是一种爱国自豪的象征。 —

More than one merchant, more than one innkeeper, said to strangers with a certain complacency: —
有不止一个商人，不止一个酒店老板向陌生人自鸣得意地说道: —

“Monsieur, we have two or three millionaire establishments; —
“先生，我们有两三家百万富翁的企业； —

but as for Monsieur Grandet, he does not himself know how much he is worth.”
但至于Grandet先生，他自己恐怕不知道自己到底身价如何。”

In 1816 the best reckoners in Saumur estimated the landed property of the worthy man at nearly four millions; —
1816年，索米尔最好的估算师们估计这位令人尊重的人的土地财产接近四百万； —

but as, on an average, he had made yearly, from 1793 to 1817, a hundred thousand francs out of that property, it was fair to presume that he possessed in actual money a sum nearly equal to the value of his estate. —
但基于从1793年到1817年，在这些财产上平均每年赚取十万法郎的情况，可以合理推断他手头的现金几乎等于他的房地产价值。 —

So that when, after a game of boston or an evening discussion on the matter of vines, the talk fell upon Monsieur Grandet, knowing people said: —
所以当在打完一局博弈游戏或讨论葡萄树问题后，提到Grandet先生时，知道内情的人们会说: —

“Le Pere Grandet? le Pere Grandet must have at least five or six millions.”
“Grandet老爷？Grandet老爷至少得有五六百万。”

“You are cleverer than I am; I have never been able to find out the amount,” answered Monsieur Cruchot or Monsieur des Grassins, when either chanced to overhear the remark.
“你比我聪明，我从来没办法查出具体数额，”当丘肯或德格朗桑先生恰好听到这句话时纷纷如此回答。

If some Parisian mentioned Rothschild or Monsieur Lafitte, the people of Saumur asked if he were as rich as Monsieur Grandet. —
如果有巴黎人提到罗斯柴尔德或拉菲特先生，索米尔人会问他是否和Grandet先生一样富有。 —

When the Parisian, with a smile, tossed them a disdainful affirmative, they looked at each other and shook their heads with an incredulous air. —
而巴黎人微笑着肯定时，他们会互相看着并怀疑地摇摇头。 —

So large a fortune covered with a golden mantle all the actions of this man. —
如此巨大的财富套上了一层金色的外衣，笼罩着这个人的一切举动。 —

If in early days some peculiarities of his life gave occasion for laughter or ridicule, laughter and ridicule had long since died away. —
如果在他早年的一些怪癖行为曾引人发笑或嘲笑，那笑声和嘲笑早已消逝。 —

His least important actions had the authority of results repeatedly shown. —
他最不重要的举动也具备着一再证明效果的权威。 —

His speech, his clothing, his gestures, the blinking of his eyes, were law to the country-side, where every one, after studying him as a naturalist studies the result of instinct in the lower animals, had come to understand the deep mute wisdom of his slightest actions.
他的演讲、他的着装、他的手势、他眼睛的眨动，对乡村来说都是法律。每个人都像自然学家研究低等动物的本能一样研究他，逐渐理解了他最微小行动中蕴含的深刻沉默的智慧。

“It will be a hard winter,” said one; “Pere Grandet has put on his fur gloves.”
“这将是一个严冬，”有人说，“Grandet先生戴上了他的毛手套。”

“Pere Grandet is buying quantities of staves; there will be plenty of wine this year.”
“Grandet先生正在买大量木桶板；今年会有充足的葡萄酒。”

Monsieur Grandet never bought either bread or meat. —
Grandet先生从不买面包或肉。 —

His farmers supplied him weekly with a sufficiency of capons, chickens, eggs, butter, and his tithe of wheat. —
他的农民每周为他提供足够的肥鸡、鸡蛋、黄油和小麦的十分之一。 —

He owned a mill; and the tenant was bound, over and above his rent, to take a certain quantity of grain and return him the flour and bran. —
他拥有一个磨坊，租户除了交房租外，还必须拿一定数量的粮食，并将面粉和麸皮交还给他。 —

La Grande Nanon, his only servant, though she was no longer young, baked the bread of the household herself every Saturday. —
他唯一的仆人，La Grande Nanon虽然已不再年轻，每周六依旧亲自为家里烤面包。 —

Monsieur Grandet arranged with kitchen-gardeners who were his tenants to supply him with vegetables. As to fruits, he gathered such quantities that he sold the greater part in the market. —
Grandet先生与自己的菜园承租者约定供应蔬菜。至于水果，他收获了大量，将大部分在市场上出售。 —

His fire-wood was cut from his own hedgerows or taken from the half-rotten old sheds which he built at the corners of his fields, and whose planks the farmers carted into town for him, all cut up, and obligingly stacked in his wood-house, receiving in return his thanks. —
他的柴火是从自己的篱笆，或者从他建在田地角落的半朽旧棚屋中砍伐的。农民把这些木板切好，并亲切地将它们装车运往城里，叠放在他的木屋里，作为回报他们收到了感谢。 —

His only known expenditures were for the consecrated bread, the clothing of his wife and daughter, the hire of their chairs in church, the wages of la Grand Nanon, the tinning of the saucepans, lights, taxes, repairs on his buildings, and the costs of his various industries. —
他唯一公开的支出是圣餐面包、妻女的衣服、在教堂雇用的椅子、La Grande Nanon的工资、锡器、灯光、税金、建筑维修和各种产业成本。 —

He had six hundred acres of woodland, lately purchased, which he induced a neighbor’s keeper to watch, under the promise of an indemnity. —
他有六百亩最近购买的林地，他说服了邻居的看护人来监视，得到了补偿。 —

After the acquisition of this property he ate game for the first time.
在获取这个产业之后，他第一次吃到了野味。

Monsieur Grandet’s manners were very simple. He spoke little. —
Grandet先生的举止非常简单。他很少说话。 —

He usually expressed his meaning by short sententious phrases uttered in a soft voice. —
他通常用简短的警句式短语，以柔和的声音表达自己的意思。 —

After the Revolution, the epoch at which he first came into notice, the good man stuttered in a wearisome way as soon as he was required to speak at length or to maintain an argument. —
在大革命之后，当需要他辩论或进行长时间演讲时，这位老人说话时总是有些口吃。 —

This stammering, the incoherence of his language, the flux of words in which he drowned his thought, his apparent lack of logic, attributed to defects of education, were in reality assumed, and will be sufficiently explained by certain events in the following history. —
这种口吃，语言不连贯，他用词蜿蜒而淹没了思想，他明显缺乏逻辑，这被认为是教育缺陷所致，实际上是故意的，并将在以下历史中得到充分解释。 —

Four sentences, precise as algebraic formulas, sufficed him usually to grasp and solve all difficulties of life and commerce: —
对他来说，通常仅四句话，就像代数公式一样，足以把握和解决生活和商业的一切困难： —

“I don’t know; I cannot; I will not; I will see about it. —
“我不知道；我不能；我不愿意；我会考虑的。” —

” He never said yes, or no, and never committed himself to writing. —
他从不说是或否，从不写下承诺。 —

If people talked to him he listened coldly, holding his chin in his right hand and resting his right elbow in the back of his left hand, forming in his own mind opinions on all matters, from which he never receded. —
如果人们跟他讲话，他会冷冷地倾听，右手托腮，右肘靠在左手背上，在自己的脑海中对所有事情形成看法，并决不改变。 —

He reflected long before making any business agreement. —
他在做任何业务协议之前都会仔细考虑。 —

When his opponent, after careful conversation, avowed the secret of his own purposes, confident that he had secured his listener’s assent, Grandet answered: —
当他的对手在经过仔细交谈后透露了自己目的的秘密，确信自己已经得到听众的同意时，格朗代回答道： —

“I can decide nothing without consulting my wife. —
“没有征求妻子的意见，我什么也决定不了。” —

” His wife, whom he had reduced to a state of helpless slavery, was a useful screen to him in business. —
他把妻子奴役得无法自拔，这在生意上对他是一个有用的掩护。 —

He went nowhere among friends; he neither gave nor accepted dinners; —
他从不去朋友家里；他既不款待也不拒绝宴会； —

he made no stir or noise, seeming to economize in everything, even movement. —
他没有引起任何轰动或噪音，似乎在一切方面都节约着，甚至连动作也是如此。 —

He never disturbed or disarranged the things of other people, out of respect for the rights of property. —
出于对财产权利的尊重，他从不打扰或弄乱他人的东西。 —

Nevertheless, in spite of his soft voice, in spite of his circumspect bearing, the language and habits of a coarse nature came to the surface, especially in his own home, where he controlled himself less than elsewhere.
然而，尽管他说话轻柔，举止谨慎，在内心深处却时常显露出粗俗本性的语言和习惯，尤其是在他自己的家里，比在其他地方更加不受控制。

Physically, Grandet was a man five feet high, thick-set, square-built, with calves twelve inches in circumference, knotted knee-joints, and broad shoulders; —
身高五英尺的格朗代是一个厚实、方正、小腿有十二英寸围、膝关节有结节、宽肩膀的男人； —

his face was round, tanned, and pitted by the small-pox; —
他的脸圆圆的，晒黑了，被小痘痘打得坑坑洼洼； —

his chin was straight, his lips had no curves, his teeth were white; —
下巴笔直，嘴唇没有曲线，牙齿洁白； —

his eyes had that calm, devouring expression which people attribute to the basilisk; —
他的眼睛有一种平静而贪婪的表情，人们都把这种表情归因于那种凝视会使人凝固的目光； —

his forehead, full of transverse wrinkles, was not without certain significant protuberances; —
他满布横涌皱纹的额头上不缺相当显著的突起部分； —

his yellow-grayish hair was said to be silver and gold by certain young people who did not realize the impropriety of making a jest about Monsieur Grandet. —
据称年轻人调侃说他那头金灰色的头发能同时代表银和金，不过他们并没有意识到对格朗代先生开这种玩笑是多么不礼貌。 —

His nose, thick at the end, bore a veined wen, which the common people said, not without reason, was full of malice. —
他那鼻子在末端变粗，上长有一个脉络丛生的小瘤，一般百姓说不无道理该是个盛满恶意的器官。 —

The whole countenance showed a dangerous cunning, an integrity without warmth, the egotism of a man long used to concentrate every feeling upon the enjoyments of avarice and upon the only human being who was anything whatever to him,—his daughter and sole heiress, Eugenie. —
整个面容显示出一种具有危险性的狡猾、一种没有温暖的正直，一个习惯把所有感情集中于贪婪享乐和他唯一在乎的人身上的私利主义者——他的女儿和惟一继承人尤金妮。 —

Attitude, manners, bearing, everything about him, in short, testified to that belief in himself which the habit of succeeding in all enterprises never fails to give to a man.
态度、举止、外表、简而言之，他的一切都表明了那种成功于所有企业的习惯使他具有的自信信念。

Thus, though his manners were unctuous and soft outwardly, Monsieur Grandet’s nature was of iron. —
因此，尽管格朗代先生表面上的举止温文尔雅，却内心坚如铁石。 —

His dress never varied; and those who saw him to-day saw him such as he had been since 1791. —
他的服装从未改变；今天看到他的人仍然是自1791年以来的他。 —

His stout shoes were tied with leathern thongs; —
他那漂亮的鞋子被皮带系着； —

he wore, in all weathers, thick woollen stockings, short breeches of coarse maroon cloth with silver buckles, a velvet waistcoat, in alternate stripes of yellow and puce, buttoned squarely, a large maroon coat with wide flaps, a black cravat, and a quaker’s hat. —
他无论天气如何都穿着厚实的羊毛袜子，麦穗色粗布短裤，镶有银扣，交替间隔着黄色和紫红色条纹的天鹅绒马甲，正方形扣紧，宽大的紫红色外套带有宽阔的翻领，黑色领带，还有一个宽檐的黑色软呢帽。 —

His gloves, thick as those of a gendarme, lasted him twenty months; —
他的手套，像梭警手套一样厚实，能用二十个月； —

to preserve them, he always laid them methodically on the brim of his hat in one particular spot. —
为了保护它们，他总是把它们有条不紊地放在帽沿上的一个特定位置。 —

Saumur knew nothing further about this personage.
索米尔对这个人物一无所知。

Only six individuals had a right of entrance to Monsieur Grandet’s house. —
只有六个人有权进入格朗代先生的房子。 —

The most important of the first three was a nephew of Monsieur Cruchot. —
最重要的前三个中的一个是克鲁肖先生的侄子。 —

Since his appointment as president of the Civil courts of Saumur this young man had added the name of Bonfons to that of Cruchot. —
自从在索米尔被任命为民事法院主席后，这个年轻人在克鲁肖这个名字后面加上了波丰的名字。 —

He now signed himself C. de Bonfons. Any litigant so ill-advised as to call him Monsieur Cruchot would soon be made to feel his folly in court. —
他现在签署为C.德波丰。 任何那么愚蠢以至于叫他克鲁肖先生的当事人很快就会在法庭上感到他的愚蠢。 —

The magistrate protected those who called him Monsieur le president, but he favored with gracious smiles those who addressed him as Monsieur de Bonfons. —
这位法官保护那些称他为主席先生的人，但是那些称他为波丰先生的人则会受到他亲切微笑的招待。 —

Monsieur le president was thirty-three years old, and possessed the estate of Bonfons (Boni Fontis), worth seven thousand francs a year; —
波丰先生今年三十三岁，拥有波尼丰（波尼·丰蒂斯）价值七千法郎的庄园； —

he expected to inherit the property of his uncle the notary and that of another uncle, the Abbe Cruchot, a dignitary of the chapter of Saint-Martin de Tours, both of whom were thought to be very rich. —
他期望继承他叔叔，公证人，以及另一个叔叔，图尔的马丁圣章的神职人员，被认为非常富有的财产。 —

These three Cruchots, backed by a goodly number of cousins, and allied to twenty families in the town, formed a party, like the Medici in Florence; —
这三个克鲁肖，受到许多表兄弟姐妹的支持，并与镇上二十个家族结盟，形成了一个派系，如同佛罗伦萨的美第奇家族一样。 —

like the Medici, the Cruchots had their Pazzi.
就像梅迪奇家族一样，克吕谢家也有他们的敌对势力。

Madame des Grassins, mother of a son twenty-three years of age, came assiduously to play cards with Madame Grandet, hoping to marry her dear Adolphe to Mademoiselle Eugenie. —
来自一名廿三岁儿子的母亲，德·拉梅·德·葛拉桑常常和葛朗台太太玩牌，希望将她亲爱的阿道夫嫁给尤金妮小姐。 —

Monsieur des Grassins, the banker, vigorously promoted the schemes of his wife by means of secret services constantly rendered to the old miser, and always arrived in time upon the field of battle. —
银行家德·拉梅也积极通过为这位老财主提供不断的秘密服务来推动他妻子的计划，总是及时赶到战场上。 —

The three des Grassins likewise had their adherents, their cousins, their faithful allies. —
三位德·葛拉桑也有他们的追随者、表亲和忠实盟友。 —

On the Cruchot side the abbe, the Talleyrand of the family, well backed-up by his brother the notary, sharply contested every inch of ground with his female adversary, and tried to obtain the rich heiress for his nephew the president.
克吕谢家一方的神父，这个家族的塔列朗，得到他的公证人弟弟的大力支持，在与女性对手之间激烈争斗，试图把富有的继承人纳给他的主席侄子。

This secret warfare between the Cruchots and des Grassins, the prize thereof being the hand in marriage of Eugenie Grandet, kept the various social circles of Saumur in violent agitation. —
克吕谢家族与德·葛拉桑家族之间的秘密冲突，其奖励是与尤金妮·葛朗台结婚，让索密尔各个社交圈都陷入剧烈的激动中。 —

Would Mademoiselle Grandet marry Monsieur le president or Monsieur Adolphe des Grassins? —
尤金妮·葛朗台小姐会嫁给主席先生还是阿道夫·德·葛拉桑先生？ —

To this problem some replied that Monsieur Grandet would never give his daughter to the one or to the other. —
对于这个问题,一些人回答说格朗台先生永远不会把女儿嫁给任何一方。 —

The old cooper, eaten up with ambition, was looking, they said, for a peer of France, to whom an income of three hundred thousand francs would make all the past, present, and future casks of the Grandets acceptable. —
那位渴望权力的老桶匠，一些人说，正在寻找一位法国贵族，靠着三十万法郎的收入， —

Others replied that Monsieur and Madame des Grassins were nobles, and exceedingly rich; —
他的过去、现在和未来所有的酒桶都变成宝贝。 —

that Adolphe was a personable young fellow; —
其他人回答说，德·葛拉桑夫妇是贵族，而且非常富有； —

and that unless the old man had a nephew of the pope at his beck and call, such a suitable alliance ought to satisfy a man who came from nothing,—a man whom Saumur remembered with an adze in his hand, and who had, moreover, worn the bonnet rouge. —
阿道夫是一个英俊的年轻人； —

Certain wise heads called attention to the fact that Monsieur Cruchot de Bonfons had the right of entry to the house at all times, whereas his rival was received only on Sundays. —
除非那位老人能召唤教皇的侄子，否则这种合适的结盟应该满足一个从贫苦中出身的人，一个索姆尔记得他手拿凿子，而且戴着红色军帽的人。 —

Others, however, maintained that Madame des Grassins was more intimate with the women of the house of Grandet than the Cruchots were, and could put into their minds certain ideas which would lead, sooner or later, to success. —
某些明智的人注意到，克吕谢德·邦丰索有权随时进入这家，而他的竞争对手只有星期日才能进入。 —

To this the former retorted that the Abbe Cruchot was the most insinuating man in the world: —
其他人却坚持认为，德·葛拉桑夫人比克吕谢家族更亲近格朗台家的女性，她能灌输一些想法到他们的脑海中，迟早会取得成功。 —

pit a woman against a monk, and the struggle was even. —
将一个女人与一名僧侣对抗，他们的斗争势均力敌。 —

“It is diamond cut diamond,” said a Saumur wit.
“硬碰硬，”一个索米尔名人说。

The oldest inhabitants, wiser than their fellows, declared that the Grandets knew better than to let the property go out of the family, and that Mademoiselle Eugenie Grandet of Saumur would be married to the son of Monsieur Grandet of Paris, a wealthy wholesale wine-merchant. —
比其他人更为睿智的历史最悠久的居民们宣称，格朗代家族不会让财产流出家族，索米尔的尤金妮·格朗代小姐将会嫁给巴黎的格朗代先生的儿子，一位富有的批发酒商。 —

To this the Cruchotines and the Grassinists replied: —
克鲁舒帮和格拉赞派回答道： —

“In the first place, the two brothers have seen each other only twice in thirty years; —
“首先，这两兄弟三十年里只见过两次面； —

and next, Monsieur Grandet of Paris has ambitious designs for his son. —
其次，巴黎的格朗代先生对他儿子有雄心勃勃的打算。 —

He is mayor of an arrondissement, a deputy, colonel of the National Guard, judge in the commercial courts; —
他是一个区的市长，一名议员，一个国民警卫队上校，商业法庭的法官； —

he disowns the Grandets of Saumur, and means to ally himself with some ducal family,—ducal under favor of Napoleon. —
他不承认索米尔的格朗代家族，并打算同某位公爵家族联姻，这位公爵家族在拿破仑的支持下成为了公爵。 —

” In short, was there anything not said of an heiress who was talked of through a circumference of fifty miles, and even in the public conveyances from Angers to Blois, inclusively!
总之，对一个被人们在五十英里半径范围内甚至是在从昂热到布卢瓦地区的公共交通工具中讨论的继承人，有什么话题不被提及呢！

At the beginning of 1811, the Cruchotines won a signal advantage over the Grassinists. —
在1811年初，克鲁舒帮取得了对格拉赞派的重大优势。 —

The estate of Froidfond, remarkable for its park, its mansion, its farms, streams, ponds, forests, and worth about three millions, was put up for sale by the young Marquis de Froidfond, who was obliged to liquidate his possessions. —
弗鲁瓦敏庄园，因其庄园、豪宅、农场、小河、池塘、森林而备受瞩目，价值约三百万，由年轻的弗鲁瓦敏侯爵出售，他不得不清理自己的财产。 —

Maitre Cruchot, the president, and the abbe, aided by their adherents, were able to prevent the sale of the estate in little lots. —
总统克鲁舒和神父，在他们的支持者的帮助下，成功阻止了该庄园分割成小块售出。 —

The notary concluded a bargain with the young man for the whole property, payable in gold, persuading him that suits without number would have to be brought against the purchasers of small lots before he could get the money for them; —
律师与年轻人达成了整个资产的交易，全款支付，说服他，小块售出的买家将不得不面对无数诉讼，才能收回他们的钱； —

it was better, therefore, to sell the whole to Monsieur Grandet, who was solvent and able to pay for the estate in ready money. —
因此，最好的选择是将整个庄园卖给可靠、能够立即付款的格朗代先生。 —

The fine marquisate of Froidfond was accordingly conveyed down the gullet of Monsieur Grandet, who, to the great astonishment of Saumur, paid for it, under proper discount, with the usual formalities.
弗鲁瓦敏贵族庄园被毛西欧·格朗代先生一口吞下，给索米尔带来了极大的惊讶，按照惯例，他以现金支付了这笔交易，经过适当的折扣和一切手续。

This affair echoed from Nantes to Orleans. —
这桩事情在南特和奥尔良引起了回响。 —

Monsieur Grandet took advantage of a cart returning by way of Froidfond to go and see his chateau. —
格朗代先生利用一辆返回弗瓦弗岷的马车去看他的城堡。 —

Having cast a master’s eye over the whole property, he returned to Saumur, satisfied that he had invested his money at five per cent, and seized by the stupendous thought of extending and increasing the marquisate of Froidfond by concentrating all his property there. —
在对整个财产有了一番睽睽之下，他返回了索米尔，满意地认为他以5%的利息投资了他的钱，并被一个庞大的念头所震撼，想要通过集中他所有的财产来扩张和增加弗瓦弗岷的侯爵领地。 —

Then, to fill up his coffers, now nearly empty, he resolved to thin out his woods and his forests, and to sell off the poplars in the meadows.
为了填补他那几乎空空如也的金库，他决定砍伐他的树林和森林，以及出售草地上的白杨树。